Hemodynamic changes of local anesthesia in dentistry

Abstract

Objective: To carry out an integrative literature review on hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing dental surgical procedures with local anesthesia. Methodology: This literature review was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar. The keywords for the textual search were: Anesthetics, Local; Anesthesia, Dental; Hemodynamics. The inclusion criteria were defined as: articles published between 2008 and 2024, studies available in English and Portuguese, full texts freely accessible. Duplicate studies between the databases, narrative reviews, conference abstracts and articles outside the scope of the proposed topic were excluded. Results: There are no significant changes in previously healthy patients, although an increase in blood pressure may occur. In heart disease patients: vasoconstrictors in anesthetic salts are controversial regarding their dose and use. Regarding the anxious patients, the release of endogenous adrenaline raises blood pressure, which makes anxiety a determining factor in hemodynamic variations. Conclusion: Therefore, the individuality of each patient must be considered and adequate monitoring must be carried out to ensure the safety and effectiveness of dental procedures.