Sclerotherapy in the treatment of oral vascular injuries

Abstract

Objective: to present a case of vascular injury in an elderly patient treated by the sclerotherapy technique. Case report: male patient, 67 years old, victim of a stroke, sought dental care due to residual dental roots. During the physical examination, an exophytic lesion, violet in color, sessile base, approximately two centimeters, located in the left labial commissure, was identified. Diascopy was performed to confirm the origin of the alteration, which revealed that it was a vascular lesion. As the patient was elderly, hypertensive, with a history of stroke, conservative treatment was chosen, with sclerotherapy with 5% monoethanolamine oleate in a single session. On return after seven days, partial regression of the lesion was observed and, after 30 days, the region was completely healed, with no traces of the alteration. Monoethanolamine oleate causes a sterile, acute, dose-dependent inflammatory reaction in the vascular endothelium and extravascular tissues that results in fibrosis and obliteration of blood vessels, inducing regression of the lesions. Conclusion: Based on the case presented and on the literature records, it is possible to affirm that sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive, effective, low-cost therapeutic alternative with a favorable aesthetic result in the treatment of oral vascular lesions.